European Union CO2 emissions: different accounting perspectives

The EEA report, European Union CO₂ emissions: different accounting perspectives, explains the concepts and methodologies behind three different air emission accounting perspectives: territorial, production and consumption-based.

The territorial perspective considers emissions that are released to the atmosphere within a country’s borders and jurisdiction. This perspective corresponds to the legally enshrined practice used by sovereign states under international conventions such as the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. The EEA report explains how the production perspective offers different insights, showing emissions resulting from the economic activities of a country’s residents and the companies registered in the country. The third method explained in the report provides a consumption perspective. This considers emissions associated with goods and services, attributing them to the country where they are consumed, regardless of where production of these goods and services result in emissions.